Health 101

Definition Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that affects the tissue in a woman's cervix, which is the part that connects the uterus to the vagina. It's the fourth most common cancer worldwide. Before cancer cells appear, there are changes in the cervical tissue that can be detected early and treated. If left untreated, these abnormal changes can develop into cancer and spread to nearby areas. Mode of Transmission The main cause of cervical cancer is a common virus called Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Both men and women can get infected with HPV, but our bodies can usually clear the infection on their own. However, if the infection persists, it can lead to pre-cancerous lesions and eventually develop into cervical cancer. It typically takes a long time, around 15-20 years, for cervical cancer to develop from an HPV infection. Signs and Symptoms In the early stages of cervical cancer, there are usually no visible signs or symptoms. As the cancer progresses, it can cause abnorma

  HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV): HPV is a group of viruses that can infect humans. It mostly affects the skin and mucous membranes, like those in the genitals and mouth. There are many different types of HPV, and some of them can lead to serious health issues. HOW HPV SPREADS: HPV is mainly spread through sexual contact, like having vaginal, anal, or oral sex. However, it can also be passed on through close physical contact or sharing personal items with someone who has the virus. It is important to know that you can get HPV even if you do not see any symptoms or sores. DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH HPV: Genital Warts: Some types of HPV can cause warts in the genital area. These growths are not cancerous, but they can be uncomfortable and make you feel worried or embarrassed. Cervical Cancer: Certain types of HPV can increase the risk of cervical cancer in women. If left untreated, these infections can lead to the development of precancerous cells in the cervix, which can eventuall

Tetanus Cellulitis Cause Clostridium Tetani bacteria Bacterial infection (various bacteria) Transmission Enter through wounds Enter through broken skin or wounds Source Commonly found in soil and manure Bacteria already present on the skin Contagious Not transmitted from person to person Not transmitted from person to person Symptoms Difficulty swallowing, muscle spasms, "Lockjaw"  Swelling, redness, pain, fever, pus discharge Treatment Cleaning of the wound, antibiotics, muscle spasm control Antibiotics, warm compress, rest, elevation Prevention Tetanus vaccination Good hygiene, proper wound care Complications Muscle stiffness, respiratory problems, seizures Amputation, shock, serious infections if untreated

  INTRODUCTION Cellulitis is a skin infection that results from any type of injury to the skin. This injury may be from a wound, prick, or surgery. The bacteria enter the body where there is no skin or skin has been broken. The causative bacteria is usually present on the skin which does not cause any harm, once it enters the bloodstream, that is when it causes the infections. MODE OF TRANSMISSION When bacteria enter the body either through: Cut wound Prick wound Animal bite Human bite Underwater accidents SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Swelling Redness Pain on the site Fever Weakness There might be puss discharge Bruising Warm skin on the region Chills Headache Symptoms may present as a skin condition. Kindly visit a hospital for diagnosis and treatment. HOW IS IT DIAGNOSED A blood sample is collected to confirm the type of bacteria that is present. TREATMENT Treatment includes oral antibiotics for mild to moderate cel

Tetanus This is a disease caused by a bacteria called Clostridium Tetani. It enters the body through a cut wound. Once in the body, it produces a toxin that causes vigorous muscle contractions or Jacky movements. For this reason, it is also referred to as Lockjaw disease. It causes the muscles of the neck and jaw to lock making it difficult to swallow or open their mouths. Mode of transmission Tetanus bacteria are commonly found in the soil and in manure. They multiply once they enter a human's body. Tetanus can not be spread from one person to another, unlike other vaccine-preventable diseases. Common ways the bacteria can get into the body 1. Contaminated wounds (rust, dirt, feces, saliva) 2. Puncture wound (nail, needle) 3. Crush injury  4. Wound with dead tissue Signs and symptoms - Difficulty swallowing - Jaw cramping and inability to open mouth - Muscle  spasms  in the back, abdomen, hands, and legs. - Headache - Fever and sweating - Seizures Tre

  The intrauterine device (IUD), commonly referred to as the coil, is carefully inserted into the uterus through the vagina. It's important to acknowledge that there is a possibility of the IUD becoming dislodged and eventually falling out. However, it's crucial to note that the only path for the IUD to exit is the same way it entered, through the cervix and ultimately the vagina. There are no other escape routes for the device. To ensure the ongoing effectiveness of the IUD; 1. It is recommended that the client schedule a follow-up appointment after two weeks of insertion, as well as subsequent appointments as advised by their healthcare provider. 2. Additionally, having an ultrasound performed two weeks after insertion is advised to verify the correct positioning of the IUD. 3. To further safeguard against unintended IUD loss, it is advisable for the client to diligently check their sanitary towels when changing them. These measures collectively aim to prevent any accidental